![]() Neutral and so on however, you may have coded the five Likert scale options with 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 althoughĭisagree may not be exactly the halfway point between Similarly, the Likert scale is likely an ordinal scale because it is difficult to say that the distance between sĭisagree is the same as the distance between Ratio scales produce continuous data with the same interval and a true zero value (e.g., an income value of $0 means no income, and a test score of zero means no correct answers):.(This can be changed to a negative to positive scale, illustrating the zero value being an arbitrary value.) Interval scales also produce rank-ordered data, but all sets of two consecutive points have the same interval, and any zero value indicated is an arbitrary value:Įxtremely dissatisfied 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 Extremely satisfied.How often have you used the checklist since it was made available?Ī. Ordinal scales produce rank-ordered data:.Nominal scales produce name-like data without any rank-ordering, as shown below:Ī.There are four levels of measurement scales, each of which produces different types of data (Stevens, 1946). To make the most appropriate choice for your data presentation, you need to know what ordinal and interval scales are about. Which method should you use? Your decision can depend on whether you treat the Likert scale as an ordinal or interval scale. How do you analyze and report the data obtained from the Likert scale? Some of you may report percentages (for example, strongly agree = 75%, agree = 13%, neutral = 5%, disagree = 3%, strongly disagree = 4%) some of you may report average scores (e.g., M=4.2). Since then, the wording in the Likert scale has been changed to strongly agree, agree, neutral (or neither agree nor disagree), disagree, and strongly disagree. When American social psychologist Rensis Likert developed a five-point response scale in the 1930s, his original wording was strongly approve, approve, undecided, disapprove, and strongly disapprove (Likert, 1932). You may have used the Likert scale in your survey questionnaires to measure various topics such as learner satisfaction, employee engagement, or organizational culture.
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